App That Uses Eyelid Photos to Assess Blood Hemoglobin Advances in NIH Challenge

A digital health tool that uses smartphone camera technology to measure blood hemoglobin has won the first phase of a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded challenge designed to accelerate technology to improve maternal health outcomes.

The device will now move to the second phase of the NIH’s RADx Tech for Maternal Health Challenge and receive regular assistance and assessment from NIH experts.

Young L. Kim, Ph.D., of Purdue University, has developed an app that uses a smartphone camera to measure hemoglobin levels.

The app is called HemaChrome. It enables healthcare providers to assess a patient’s blood hemoglobin levels using only a photo of the patient’s lower inner eyelid. Young L. Kim, Ph.D., a professor at Purdue University and HemaChrome’s chief science officer, said the device helps track an important health metric without the need for needles.

“Conventional blood hemoglobin tests are usually conducted by invasive and expensive venous blood draws, which require sophisticated equipment, highly trained experts to run the tests, and patients who must be present on-site with their health care provider,” Kim noted, in a press release. “Our simple app is intended to eliminate these barriers and make these tests accessible to everyone, especially those in health care deserts, by allowing clinicians to conduct point-of-care, home-based and remote diagnostic tests on their patients at a fraction of the cost.”

The reason the application falls under the rubric of the RADx challenge is that hemoglobin measurements are an important component of maternal care, since iron deficiency anemia can have significant health consequences, such as premature delivery and low birth weight.

Due to the implications of maternal anemia, Kim said blood hemoglobin tests are the most common laboratory tests completed on obstetrics patients. Yet, some 2.2 million pregnant women in the United States have limited access to such tests, he said. About 1 in 6 pregnant women in the US experience iron-deficiency anemia, according to the US Department of Health and Human Services.

In a study published last year, Kim and colleagues took photos of the inner eyelids of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) either just before or just after blood draws. The inner eyelid was chosen because the color of the inner eyelid was found to correlate with patients’ red blood cell counts. Investigators then used a previously developed algorithm to analyze the image and make a prediction about the patient’s blood hemoglobin levels. They then compared those results to patients’ blood test results, and found significant agreement between the two testing types.

The RADx challenge has three phases. Having won the first phase, HemaChrome will now move on to the second, which involves support from in-house scientific and business experts at NIH with the goal of assessing the prototype, identifying risk factors, and accelerating development in a way that mitigates any identified risks.

If HemaChrome wins the second phase of the challenge, the final phase will involve independent testing and validation with the goal of moving the technology to market.

“Because the process to receive federal funding and support is highly competitive, winning phase 1 of the challenge has strengthened HemaChrome’s resolve to bring our solution to market to benefit those without sufficient health care access who need it most,” Kim said.

In the meantime, Kim said he and colleagues are working on additional studies of the technology. In addition to its participation in the RADx program, HemaChrome has also received support from the 2020 NIH’s Technology Accelerator Challenge and the US-Korea Conference Startup Pitch Competition, the company said.